Intervenciones de enfermería en cáncer de testículo

Abstract

Testicular cancer (TC) is characterized by the growth of malignant cells in the testicles and is more common in young men between the ages of 15 and 40. Objective: To identify the nursing interventions employed in patients with testicular cancer. Methodology: A literature review of studies published since 2019 in English, Spanish, and Portuguese was conducted. Scientific databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, ProQuest, and Redalyc were consulted, using DeCS keywords: "testicular cancer," "incidence," "associated factors," "complications," "therapeutic approach," and "nursing care," along with the boolean operator AND to create search strategies. Results: In the U.S., 9,470 cases of testicular cancer were reported, while approximately 8,500 cases were identified in the Middle East and North Africa. Risk factors include family history, alcohol consumption, cryptorchidism, and a higher incidence was observed in individuals of African descent. Among the most common complications are metastasis, as well as anxiety and depression resulting from physical and emotional changes and treatment, which may include orchiectomy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Nursing staff play a fundamental role in the patient's well-being, providing physical and emotional support before, during, and after treatment. Conclusion: Although testicular cancer is rare, it has a significant impact on the patient's quality of life. Nursing care must be multidisciplinary to improve the patient's life and prevent associated complications. Keywords Nursing care, Testicular Neoplasm, Incidence, Therapeutics, Risk factors.