Rol de la motivación en el rendimiento académico de estudiantes de educación básica media

Abstract

Motivation is a key factor in the educational process, especially for middle school students, who are going through a stage of cognitive, emotional, and social transition that can significantly affect their academic performance. In this context, low school motivation and its impact on poor academic performance are a problem. This research aimed to analyze, through a systematic literature review, the influence of motivation on the academic performance of middle school students, identifying motivational factors that promote meaningful learning. The study applied a protocol in the process of search, selection, and analysis of indexed scientific articles, consulted in academic databases such as Scopus, Web of Science, and ProQuest. Fifteen studies published between 2020 and 2025 were included, considering qualitative, quantitative, and mixed approaches. The results show that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation have a positive impact on academic performance when dynamic learning environments, active strategies, and technological tools such as gamification are promoted. These practices strengthen student participation, critical thinking, and self-regulation. It is concluded that motivation is an essential component of academic success and should be considered a transversal axis in the design and implementation of innovative pedagogical methodologies adapted to the student’s context. Keywords: motivation, behavior, collaborative learning, education, academic performance