Repercusiones de la ooforectomía para tratamiento de cáncer de mama: una revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer is the most common neoplasm and the leading cause of cancer death in women worldwide. As a preventive and therapeutic measure, several strategies have been proposed, including oophorectomy, especially indicated for women at high risk of developing this disease. However, this surgery can have significant adverse effects. Therefore, the aim of this research is to analyze in detail the impacts that oophorectomy has on the health of women who undergo this procedure and the effects that this intervention produces on the development and evolution of breast cancer. Methods: The PRISMA 2020 methodology will be applied to collect scientific studies on oophorectomy in the treatment of breast cancer. The search will be performed in databases such as SCOPUS, PubMed, Cochrane, SciELO and Web of Science. Original articles in English or Spanish, published since 2019, with open access and full text, that establish a clear relationship between oophorectomy and breast cancer will be included. Results: The systematic review identified 8845 studies, but after applying the selection and evaluation criteria, 25 relevant articles were included that specifically contributed to the fulfillment of the stated objectives. Conclusions: Oophorectomy is presented as a powerful tool in the treatment of breast cancer, especially in luminal cases and in women with BRCA mutations. However, its implementation should be carefully considered, taking into account the short and long term benefits and side effects. Keywords: oophorectomy, side effects, breast cancer, BRCA1/2