Evaluación de la ansiedad en adultos drogodependientes institucionalizados en centros de rehabilitación

Abstract

The use of psychoactive substances has been a controversial issue for public health worldwide due to its negative effects, which go beyond the physical health of the individual and affect other areas of his or her life, such as social, family, academic and work. Consequently, as consumption increases, psychological disorders of various kinds begin to manifest themselves; among the most prevalent is anxiety. These problems are more noticeable in patients who are going through the process of recovery from their addiction, since the situation in which they find themselves makes them vulnerable. Therefore, the objective of this research is to describe the levels of anxiety present in drug-dependent adults institutionalized in rehabilitation centers. For this purpose, search engines in Pubmed and Scopus were used, using Boolean operators and descriptors in Spanish and English; in addition, the PRISMA method was used for the identification and selection of information and the corresponding inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. The most significant findings include sex-related differences, where women have a higher prevalence of anxiety compared to men. In addition, the most frequent psychiatric comorbidities in these patients include depression, ADHD, antisocial disorder and psychotic disorder. Finally, new non-pharmacological approaches have been found to treat anxiety, such as electroacupuncture, martial arts and physical exercise.