Calidad de vida en familiares de pacientes con trastorno del espectro autista

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects the neural development of human beings and leads to severe difficulties in communication and/or establishing interpersonal relationships. The family environment of individuals diagnosed with this condition has to face a series of challenges that can impact the quality of life of the patient and all family members, understood as all the conditions that are required to be solved successfully, the basic needs inherent to their welfare. Objective: To describe the impact on the quality of life of family members of people with ASD. Methodology: This literature review was conducted with a descriptive design using a qualitative approach, supported by different foundations obtained from scientific databases: SciELO, PubMed, LILACS, ProQuest, and Web of Science. Results: ASD impacts the physical and/or mental well-being of all family members, leads to stressful situations for parents and siblings, limits their financial solvency, and leads to internal conflicts that can even end in aggression or family disintegration. Conclusions: The family is vital in the care of a child with ASD since they are responsible for ensuring an ideal environment for their survival, providing care, and ensuring their well-being, emphasizing the strengthening of their autonomy and behavioral control. However, they are exposed to severe implications regarding physical, emotional, material dimensions, interpersonal relationships, and social inclusion