Anomalías morfológicas del desarrollo asociadas a alteraciones del esmalte dentario a propósito de un caso atendido en la clínica multidisciplinaria de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca

Abstract

Morphological anomalies of development are common pathologies within society, and although their exact causes are unknown, 40% are attributed to genetic factors. It is understood that these anomalies represent a difficulty for correct development according to the structure standards for each age. For this reason, the objective of this article is to review the literature. A qualitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional methodology was used for which the digital databases of the Catholic University of Cuenca were used. For the selection of the documents, the following inclusion criteria were established: they had to be review articles, clinical cases, and original articles of an observational, descriptive, and analytical type that refer to morphological anomalies of development and alterations in dental enamel. In conclusion, it was found that thousands of newborns die yearly due to congenital anomalies during the first three weeks of life. However, the medical field has developed different and suitable means to identify an anomaly since pregnancy through blood tests of the pregnant woman, ultrasounds, karyotypes, or microarrays. Therefore, it is essential that medical-genetic counseling be established based on a diagnosis to provide the patient and family with all the required information about their condition.