Resistencia a los antibacterianos de primera línea terapéutica en helicobacter pylori

Abstract

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a bacterium directly involved in developing gastrointestinal illnesses, such as chronic gastritis and gastroduodenal diseases, particularly peptic ulcer, gastric cancer, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. However, in most people, the infection may remain clinically silent throughout life.

Objective: To analyze the resistance to first-line antibacterials in Helicobacter pylori through a systematic review.

Methodology: The systematic review of 14 articles used scientific databases such as PubMed, SciELO, and Redalyc, whose collected data corresponded to ten years. The PRISMA guidelines were applied to determine the eligibility of the articles, as well as to establish inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Results: Among the diagnostic methods of H. pylori, non-invasive methods such as copro analysis and invasive methods such as histology and urease test are highlighted. Likewise, the predominant resistance genes are rdxA, 23S rRNA, and gyrA.

Conclusion: There is evidence of greater resistance to the prescribed treatments with metronidazole, clarithromycin, and levofloxacin in patients with H. pylori.