Efectos de la fotobiomodulación en el tratamiento de ortodoncia. Revisión de la literatura.

Abstract

Introduction: Orthodontics is a dental specialty responsible for correcting malocclusions, which are alterations in the positioning of teeth within their dental arches. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged as a promising treatment that uses low-intensity light to stimulate accelerated biological responses in tissues, leading to faster tooth movement. Objective: To determine the effect of PBM in orthodontic treatment by reviewing the available scientific evidence regarding its application in this field. Materials and methods: A descriptive, critical, and cross-sectional analysis was conducted through a bibliographic literature review related to the subject under study about the consequences of PBM for orthodontic treatment in the digital databases: PubMed, ProQuest, and Redalyc through the keywords “orthodontics,” “photobiomodulation,” “laser therapy,” “low-level light therapy.” Results: The results of this literature review indicate that the PBM effectively stimulates osteoblasts’ movement, helped bone formation around the teeth, and accelerated the dental movement in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment. Conclusions: PBM can accelerate dental movement in orthodontic patients. Furthermore, it has been shown to significantly reduce inflammation, tooth sensitivity, and discomfort after fitting the orthodontic appliances.