Factores asociados a la conducta alimentaria en preescolares en centros de educación inicial, Cuenca-Ecuador, 2024

Abstract

Introduction: This study covers the factors associated with eating behavior in preschoolers, considering their importance in child development. A child's eating habits in early childhood are influenced by their environment, significantly impacting their long- and short-term health. It was also identified that there is a lack of information in these areas, especially in Latin America, demonstrating the relevance of this research. Objective: To determine the factors associated with eating behavior in preschoolers according to parental testimony in early childhood education centers in Cuenca, Ecuador, 2024. Methodology: The research was quantitative, correlational, and cross-sectional. A total of 196 preschoolers selected from municipal education centers in Cuenca participated. The Child Eating Behavior questionnaire (CEBQ) consisted of 35 questions classified into eight dimensions associated with eating behavior. Data were analyzed using SPSS, applying correlation and chi-square tests. Results: A group of 57.1% of participants were female, with an average age of 3 years. A high prevalence of emotional undereating (92.3%) and craving for alcohol (51%) was observed. No significant associations were found between eating behaviors and sociocultural and environmental factors. Conclusions: Eating behaviors in preschoolers were correlated, suggesting an interconnected pattern. Although no direct associations with environmental factors were found, family diet and caregiver practices are relevant for promoting healthy habits. These results have implications for public health and education to prevent developmental and growth disorders.