Intubación endotraqueal: videolaringoscopía versus laringoscopía convencional

Abstract

Introduction: Endotracheal intubation is one of the main invasive procedures used by anesthesiologists for the maintenance of airway patency. It has been demonstrated that 30% of deaths during anesthesiology procedures are due to the impossibility of guaranteeing adequate ventilatory support. Consequently, the use of video laryngoscopy has been implemented in intubation protocols, which due to its complex electronic system has been determined to replace conventional laryngoscopy. The former is not very common in our environment; therefore, its implementation is to be encouraged. Objective: To describe the efficacy and safety of video laryngoscopy versus conventional laryngoscopy in adult patients undergoing endotracheal intubation. Materials and methods: The present work is a bibliographic and narrative review. The databases of the virtual library at the Catholic University of Cuenca such as Magazine BVS, Scielo, Scopus, Redalyc, and PubMed were used to collect the information, subsequently, the content was analyzed and written up. Conclusions: It was found that the success rate in intubation at the first moment is significantly higher with the use of the video laryngoscope. On the other hand, it was evidenced that the intubation time and the number of attempts is less, the flexibility of the tip of the video laryngoscope reduces the risk of injury. This method could replace conventional laryngoscopy, however, due to cost and availability, it is not often used.