Análisis de la aplicación de políticas públicas (2020 - 2024), sobre violencia en adultos mayores en instituciones geriátricas.

Abstract

Introduction. Violence against institutionalized older adults is a crucial issue in public health and human rights. It is exacerbated by factors such as inadequate training of healthcare personnel, stereotypes, and the lack of implementation of effective public policies in geriatric institutions. Objective. To analyze the implementation of public policies addressing violence in Latin America between 2020 and 2024, focusing on geriatric centers, assessing their impact, strengths, and weaknesses. Methodology. A qualitative and descriptive literature review was conducted using search strategies applied to high-impact databases such as Latindex, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. In addition, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied based on subject matter, timeframe (2020-2024), and residential setting. The data obtained were analyzed through a rigorous thematic coding process. Results. Significant conceptual differences were identified in policy implementation across countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, and Peru. Although best practices were observed in staff training, prevention protocols, and intersectoral approaches, critical problems persisted, including insufficient state oversight, limited resources, and the continued invisibility of psychological and economic abuse in this vulnerable population. Conclusion. Despite advances in regulatory frameworks, it is essential to strengthen implementation with a holistic approach that recognizes the subjectivity of older adults. Coordinated action among the State, society, and health professionals will ensure safe, dignified, and violence-free institutional environments.