Causas complicaciones de policitemia en recién nacidos. Revisión Bibliográfica

Abstract

Neonatal polycythemia occurs when the hematocrit is > 65%, leading to increased blood viscosity and multiple organic system impairments; the most common in the cardiorespiratory and neurological systems. Most neonates are symptomatic, with nonspecific and varied symptoms. However, facial plethora and lethargy are present in the majority of cases. Treatment is based on hemodynamic balance and partial exchange transfusion to reduce hematocrit. The approach to this condition is initiated early to prevent potential long-term neurological sequelae. Objective: To conduct a descriptive study by implementing the collection of current, high-quality, and innovative scientific articles to determine the primary causes and consequences of polycythemia in newborns Methodology: The PRISMA 2020 guidelines were employed for reference, involving the collection, analysis, filtering, and drafting of bibliographic sources from high-quality databases. Results: Studies of moderate and high scientific quality were gathered and published in nationally and internationally impactful journals, with a minimum of 20 and a maximum of 50 bibliographic references. The results were classified and analyzed following the SIGN guidelines, while the filtering and analytical screening tabulation of references were performed using Excel 2010 software.