Comparación del test de evaluación cognitiva de Montreal versus Fototest para diagnóstico de deterioro cognitivo en adultos mayores

Abstract

Introduction: cognitive impairment constitutes one of the most important socio-health challenges presented in society, it is characterized by a deterioration of cognitive functions such as language, memory, attention, thinking and calculation; given its epidemiology, instruments have been implemented for early diagnosis such as: the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test and the Fototest. Aim: to describe in a comparative way the internal validity of the MoCA test and Fototest for the diagnosis of cognitive impairment in older adults by means of bibliographic compilation. Methodology: narrative literature review using a systematic search, obtaining information from databases such as Pubmed, Science Direct and Scopus. With the help of search terms such as “Cognitive dysfunction” AND “Fototest”; Cognitive dysfunction” AND “Montreal”. Results: with the proposed research, 6 articles were found and analyzed, finding studies with higher sensitivity 0,94 and specificity 0,60 in favor of the Montreal assessment test for the diagnosis of cognitive impairment with respect to the Phototest. However, not enough studies were found for the Phototest, although, the latter presented advantages in application time and does not discriminate educational level. Conclusions: in this review it was found that cognitive impairment in older adults is influenced mainly by age and educational level, taking into account the collection of information it was clearly evidenced that older adults with low educational level present lower cognitive development and higher risk of suffering cognitive impairment.