Prevalencia de caries dental según sistema ICDAS en escolares de las unidades educativas urbanas del cantón Déleg 2019

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of dental caries according to the ICDAS system in children aged 6 to 12 years in the urban schools of the Déleg-Cañar canton period 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The methodology applied consisted of an epidemiological, quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional research, the sample consisted of 253 students to whom the epidemiological record was applied according to the ICDAS system; To determine the prevalence of caries, a visual clinical examination was performed to obtain the required data using the file. RESULTS: According to the prevalence of caries obtained from the entire sample, the students who presented caries corresponded to 83.92% with the highest percentage in the 45.4% male group. According to the permanent dentition dental group, it was obtained that the previous group presented a higher percentage in healthy pieces with 50.49 and the later ones with 35.32%, in the temporal group it found a higher prevalence of healthy pieces in the previous group 33.42%. According to the most affected age group, it belongs to the 9 to 12-year-old with 45.9%, followed by the 6 to 8-year-old group 38%. According to the severity of decay in permanent dentition, a higher percentage of tooth decay was found in enamel in previous 23.24% as in subsequent 68.16% and in the temporal pieces it obtained a higher percentage in dentin caries with 44.67% in subsequent ones followed by limited tooth decay in enamel with 27.59%. According to caries experience, criterion 0 prevails in both permanent dental groups and in temporary dental groups, most of the pieces have exfoliated and 5% are found with restorative material. CONCLUSIONS: The epidemiological study carried out in the city Déleg provided very significant data regarding the prevalence in the analyzed schoolchildren, where there is a high frequency of dental caries in the investigated institutions.