Evaluación del rendimiento de la bomba de calor alimentada por energía fotovoltaica para el calentamiento de agua

Abstract

This study assessed the thermal and energy performance of a photovoltaic-powered heat pump system for domestic water heating in a residential home. The system sizing considered the demand for domestic hot water (DHW), the energy consumption of the heat pump, and the photovoltaic generation capacity. In addition, the system’s efficiency and economic viability were analyzed using indicators such as the Net Present Value (NPV) and Internal Rate of Return (IRR). The methodology included the collection of data on DHW consumption through a survey and the characterization of the solar resource. System components, such as the heat pump, storage tanks, and photovoltaic system, were also selected and sized. MATLAB simulations were used to analyze the thermal behavior of the tanks as well as the daily and annual energy variability. Finally, the economic viability was assessed by considering the initial investment, operating costs, and electricity savings. The results showed that the photovoltaic system can cover the demand of the heat pump and generate surpluses in certain months, which were partially used to supply the building's energy load. However, the economic viability indicators, NPV and IRR, were not favorable.