Eficacia de la terapia hiperbárica en úlceras crónicas de pie diabético

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetic foot is a public health problem that affects a quarter of patients with diabetes mellitus. Conventional therapies are effective in the management of this pathology. However, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is an alternative that could be effective as an adjuvant to these conventional therapies in recent years. Objective: To determine the efficacy of hyperbaric therapy as an adjuvant in chronic diabetic foot ulcers. Methodology: A systematic literature review was conducted in accordance with the PRISMA statement, which met the inclusion criteria: clinical trials and articles without language restriction within the last five years. Information was searched in Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases. The MeSH search terms were: hyperbaric therapy, chronic ulcer, diabetes mellitus, and adjuvants, in combination with the "AND," "OR," and "NOT" Boolean operators. The Jadad Scale was used. Results: The results show that hyperbaric oxygen therapy as an adjuvant to conventional therapies in patients with Wagner stage II to IV diabetic foot significantly improves (p=0.001). Likewise, it was observed that standard therapy plus adjuvant hyperbaric therapy in chronic diabetic foot ulcers decreases ulcer area and pain intensity significantly (p<0.001). Conclusion: HBOT is suggested as an adjuvant therapy, which helps to potentiate the healing rate of ulcers in patients with diabetic feet.