Trastorno depresivo y sus manifestaciones clínicas en personas privadas de la libertad en Latino América

Abstract

The depressive disorder is characterized by signs of sadness, which can be mild, intense or, in its absence, maintains a duration that makes it difficult for the human being to act practically in the areas in which it develops. The fifth edition of the (DSM-5) states that it can present different episodes. However, it must have common characteristics such as depressed mood, little interest in pleasurable activities, and frequent fatigue. This type of disorder is more frequent in adolescence and the elderly, and its etiology can vary, so any person can suffer from this syndrome. In this case, inmates have not been an exception; several studies have demonstrated that this pathology is more frequent in prisons than in the general population. There are two models related to the development of mental problems. In the first place, it corresponds to the inmate's inability to adapt in prison, giving rise to various pathologies, including major depression, stress, and anxiety. Secondly, external factors interrupt an excellent relationship within the prison system due to pressure, threats among inmates, or outsiders. Otherwise, the prison population already had a history of mental problems, creating a hostile environment and being a causal link to mental illness, dependence, and substance abuse.