Factores asociados a la depresión postparto y tratamiento cognitivo conductual en adolescentes: una revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Postpartum depression in adolescents is a severe public health problem not only because of its prevalence but also because of its repercussions on the mother's and child's physical and emotional health. Objective: To describe the factors associated with postpartum depression and the use of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) as a treatment approach for adolescents. Methodology: This literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, SciELO, Medline, Scopus, and BVS, focusing on information directly related to the topic, published between 2017 and 2022 in Spanish and English. The review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Postpartum depression in adolescents is associated with factors such as age, being single, family conflicts or lack of support, physical and verbal violence, medium-low socioeconomic status, lack of knowledge of postpartum depression symptoms, and cultural aspects (satisfaction with the baby's gender). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy was found to be effective in treating postpartum depression both in the short and long term, with virtual modalities being the predominant approach. In conclusion, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy represents an effective alternative treatment for postpartum depression, as it targets