Complicaciones relacionadas a la extracción dental. Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To determine which are the most common complications related to dental extraction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A bibliographic review focused on answering the research question was carried out and bibliographic records were used for the analysis of the information. RESULTS: According to this study, the most frequent immediate complications during an extraction are: maxillofacial trauma, mandibular angle fractures, trismus, soft tissue laceration and tooth root fracture. While the postoperative complications were: alveolitis, as the most frequent, followed by hemorrhage. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequently found intraoperative complications were soft tissue laceration and root fractures, while the most prevalent postoperative complications were alveolitis, followed by hemorrhage. Prevention and postoperative care are essential to avoid operative and postoperative complications during a tooth extraction. It is important to note that it is necessary to practice good oral hygiene, follow a soft diet, as well as, in the case of the professional, he must carry out a good surgical technique and adequate pharmacological therapy, in order to avoid a postoperative complication.