Detección temprana de la nefropatía diabética

Abstract

Background: Diabetic kidney disease is a chronic non-transmissible pathology defined by renal failure, because of gradual damage to the glomeruli. The WHO considers it a public health issue, and its early diagnosis allows appropriate treatment to avoid its rapid evolution to end-stage renal disease.

Objective: To identify the diagnostic procedures for an early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy through a systematic bibliographic review.

Method: The current research was based on a systematic review, which used the Strobe guide to evaluate methodological quality and to minimize the biases and confounding effect, for which 12 articles from different countries that fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were examined.

Conclusions: According to the most recent and accurate diagnostic biomarkers for early diagnosis of renal failure in diabetic nephropathy (DN), the most precise are serum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) with a sensitivity of 96%, specificity of 90%; and other markers with reasonable sensitivity and specificity are cysC, NLRP3, serum osteopontin, urinary trans ferrin, and uHSP72.