Intervenciones de enfermería en mujeres con osteoporosis a nivel de Latinoamérica

Abstract

Osteoporosis (OP) is considered among the most impactful chronic musculoskeletal diseases. Known as the "silent epidemic," it is a health issue that leads to a deterioration in the quality of life and increased healthcare costs. Objective: To conduct a bibliographic review on Nursing Interventions in women with Osteoporosis in Latin America. Methodology: This research involves a bibliographic review by searching scientific documents on Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, Web of Science, Redalyc, Springer Link, LILACS, and SciELO databases. Results: The high prevalence of OP in Latin America has been demonstrated, ranging from 18% to 34%. It is estimated that the main risk factors are directly associated with female gender, age, postmenopausal status, longer periods of breastfeeding, chronic use of oral contraceptives or corticosteroids, and low levels of vitamin D. Regarding therapeutic approaches, it is essential to combine pharmacological therapy with lifestyle changes and health education to prevent significant complications such as osteoporotic fractures, musculoskeletal syndrome, pressure ulcers, and infections, among others. Conclusions: The action of nursing professionals is indispensable in the patients' integral care diagnosed with OP; strategies to promote the prevention of complications and recovery of functionality acquire particular importance. Keywords: Osteoporosis, Risk Factors, Nursing Intervention, Women, Latin America.