Factores asociados a las infecciones del tracto urinario en la población pediátrica

Abstract

Factors Associated with Urinary Tract Infections in the Pediatric Population Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most prevalent pathological conditions in the pediatric population, involving the entry and proliferation of various pathogens into any component of the human urinary system. Objective: To detail the risk factors associated with developing urinary tract infections in the pediatric population. Methodology: A descriptive literature review was conducted with a qualitative approach based on theoretical foundations obtained from different scientific databases such as Scopus, Redalyc, Web of Science, SciELO, PubMed, and Lilacs. Results: Risk factors that increase the likelihood of the pediatric population developing a urinary tract infection include age, gender, poor personal hygiene techniques, constipation, environments with poor hygienic sanitation, socioeconomic status, certain medical conditions, low fluid intake, and administration of certain drugs. The prevalence rate in infants under five is around 12%; in children aged 6 to 11 years, it reaches up to 8%, and finally 6% in adolescents. Conclusions: UTIs in the pediatric population remain a severe problem in the healthcare arena due to their incidence rate, varied symptomatology, debate surrounding diagnosis, therapeutic approach, risk factors, and serious short and long-term complications that may occur.