La terapia cognitivo conductual frente a la terapia de aceptación y compromiso en el tratamiento del trastorno obsesivo compulsivo.

Abstract

Introduction: Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychological condition that affects an individual's functioning in various areas of life. Therapeutic interventions have emerged to reduce symptoms, with Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) being notable examples. Objective: This study aimed at analyzing CBT and ACT in reducing the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. Methodology: A qualitative literature review was conducted, selecting case studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and field research that analyzed the use of CBT and ACT in a clinical context to intervene in patients diagnosed with OCD. The sample included studies conducted between 2015 and 2025, involving adolescents and adults with symptoms and comorbidities. Results: Both therapies proved effective in reducing obsessive and compulsive symptoms. However, ACT demonstrated more significant results for psychological flexibility and the acceptance of symptoms. As for CBT, it proved to be more effective for directly addressing behavioral symptoms, with strong empirical support. Additionally, virtual interventions showed very positive results. Conclusion: while both therapies have demonstrated effectiveness, ACT is positioned as a promising alternative for the treatment of patients with OCD. It is notable for its ability to foster recovery through acceptance, especially for patients who are resistant to traditional treatments or who have difficulty tolerating direct exposure.