Propuestas de intervención en cáncer de riñón, principales técnicas y métodos utilizados en el tratamiento del cáncer de células renales. Revisión Sistemática.

Abstract

In recent years, the incidence of kidney cancer has progressively increased worldwide, particularly renal cell carcinoma, the most common form of this neoplasm. Risk factors such as smoking, obesity, and hypertension have been identified, in addition to incidental diagnoses through imaging techniques. Despite advancements in targeted therapies and immunotherapy, nephrectomy remains the primary treatment. The evolution of surgical and therapeutic methods has necessitated an analysis of the main techniques employed to enhance intervention proposals for treating renal cancer. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the primary techniques and methods used in the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. METHODOLOGY: This is a descriptive, retrospective, systematic review with a mixed approach, as it collected, analyzed, and described information detailed in scientific articles related to the treatment of renal cell carcinoma. RESULTS: In the past decade, a notable increase in research on kidney cancer has been observed. Several studies have determined that radical nephrectomy is the primary technique for addressing this pathology, especially in advanced stages. They also highlight the significance of pharmacological treatments in the early stages. CONCLUSIONS: The systematic review of research on kidney cancer reveals a significant evolution in the understanding and management of this disease. Keywords: cancer, kidney, nephrectomy, sunitinib, axitinib