Reflujo biliar posterior a bypass gástrico de una anastomosis

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a global health problem affecting over one billion people. One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is an effective bariatric surgery to address obesity, but it may lead to bile reflux. Objective: To describe bile reflux after one-anastomosis gastric bypass. Methodology: A narrative literature review was conducted, including scientific articles from databases such as TripDatabase, LILACS, Medline, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Epistemonikos, through identification, screening, eligibility, and selection. Results: The incidence of post-OAGB bile reflux varies from 4.2% to 53%, influenced by factors such as sample size, patient characteristics, and surgical technique. OAGB surgery is effective against obesity but increases the risk of bile reflux by 5.71 times, especially in smokers, steroid users, and those with a longer biliopancreatic limb. Reoperations for "intractable" bile reflux are rare. They can be addressed by Transoral Outlet Reduction (TORe), excluded stomach fundoplication (ESF), Braun intervention, or conversion to RYGB, with encouraging results in 75% to 100% effectiveness. Further research is required to evaluate the long-term efficacy of these treatments.