Causas de la hipomineralización incisivo molar. Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Introduction: This study describes the potential possible causes of molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH), a qualitative enamel defect. It usually occurs due to alterations in ameloblasts during dental enamel formation, influenced by extrinsic and intrinsic factors that can manifest during prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal stages. Clinically, it is characterized by demarcated opacities on incisors and molars. Objective: To identify the causes of molar incisor hypomineralization. Materials and Methods: A search was conducted from 2019 to 2024, reviewing studies in scientific databases such as SciELO, PubMed, Scopus, Lilacs, Medline, and Google Scholar. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, and articles were selected using Boolean operators (OR, AND, NOT). Results: Twenty-nine articles were selected, showing that various intrinsic and extrinsic factors can cause MIH. Conclusion: The primary conclusion of this study is that MIH is an enamel defect that occurs during enamel formation. Alterations in ameloblasts responsible for enamel formation can arise. These cells are highly susceptible to various factors occurring during prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal periods. Keywords: Hypomineralization, incisor, molar.