“Factores de riesgo para enfermedades no transmisibles en pacientes adultos del cantón Azogues. Mayo-octubre 2022”

Abstract

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) represent a worldwide health problem and are the leading cause of mortality, including cardiovascular diseases, cancer, DM, hypertension, and chronic respiratory pathologies. Objective: to evaluate the risk factors for non-communicable diseases in adult patients in Azogues canton from May to October 2022. Methodology: a descriptive, prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted using a sample of 381 adult participants aged 25 to 64 in Azogues by simple random probability sampling. Results: female sex prevailed with (68.5%); in the hereditary-family history (42%) had a hypertensive mother, (39.4%) had a father, and (32.2%) had a mother with obesity. In the personal pathological history (74.8%) were overweight or obese, and (52.5%) were hypertensive; at the time of the survey (85.6%) presented headaches. As for risk factors (63.5%) are physically active, (46.6%) consume fruits and vegetables, and (68.5%) eat junk food. In harmful habits (68.2%) consume coffee, and (36%) drink carbonated soft drinks. In sleep habits, the average is 7 hours; in the physical examination, the BMI had an average of 27.7 kg/m2. Conclusions: the risk factors and the type of NCD suffered by the patient were determined, related to a high percentage of inherited family history of HT, obesity, and DM, in the personal pathology corresponds to overweight or obesity, HT, dyslipidemia, DM, and thyroid pathology.