Mola Hidatiforme Completa en Mujer Premenopáusica: Revisión Bibliográfica

Abstract

Hydatidiform mole is a pathological condition caused by the abnormal growth of trophoblastic cells, which occurs most frequently in middle-aged women, resulting from a defective fusion between sperm and egg, leading to excessive growth of trophoblastic tissue. This study aimed to collect scientific literature on the hydatidiform mole, focusing on its prevalence in premenopausal women. The review used health science databases, including ScienceDirect, Scopus, PubMed, Taylor & Francis, and SciELO. The health science descriptors keywords (DeSC "Pregnancy," "Epidemiology," "Hydatidiform Mole," and "Premenopause," and MeSH terms "Epidemiology," "Hydatidiform Mole," “Pregnancy,” and "Premenopause") were used combined with Boolean operators OR, AND, NOT. The information was summarized, and narrative data analysis was applied. Nineteen scientific articles in English and Spanish were reviewed, revealing a prevalence of 1 in 1000 pregnant women over 35 years of age. Advanced maternal age is considered a significant risk factor for this condition, with a notable genetic component. The premenopausal stage, typically between the ages of 30 to 40, is a crucial factor for this condition. The most common treatment is uterine curettage