Enfoque en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de Neumonía por Covid-19. Revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic was a disease that revolutionized the world, leading to the collapse of the worldwide healthcare system due to significant human losses caused by a novel disease. Furthermore, there was no adequate treatment, given the limited knowledge about this pathology. Consequently, it was declared a global pandemic and quarantine measures were implemented to reduce infection rates. Objective: To compare advances in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia. Methodology: A retrospective systematic review with a non-experimental documentary design was performed according to the criteria of the PRISMA 2020 declaration. Results: A total of 495 articles were obtained, of which 35 met the inclusion criteria, 234 articles were excluded through automatic keyword searches, 48 were discarded as duplicates, 89 were in languages other than Spanish or English, 77 were not freely accessible, and 12 did not contribute to the research objectives. Conclusions: Chest computed tomography is one of the main diagnostic imaging methods since it has a higher image quality. It permits an adequate identification of the imaging patterns of lung lesions together with a CRP test and provides a definitive diagnosis. In the treatment, corticoids generate protection in microcirculation, reducing hospital stay and 16% mortality in patients. Keywords: COVID-19, pneumonia, diagnostic approach, treatment approach, COVID-19 pneumonia.