Abordaje de la hipovitaminosis D como factor de riesgo en hipertensión arterial

Abstract

Numerous studies support the relevance of assessing vitamin D levels for cardiovascular health, suggesting that optimizing these levels could be a valuable preventive and therapeutic strategy in diagnosing hypertension. This study aimed to relate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D as a risk factor for hypertension in adults. For this literature review, information from PubMed, Science Direct, SciELO databases, and national health guidelines were included, selecting studies published from 2003 to 2022 that addressed the relationship between hypovitaminosis D and arterial hypertension in adults. The results highlighted that the current prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and its connection with arterial hypertension are based on modifications in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone axis, endothelial dysfunction, and inflammatory processes. It is essential to maintain adequate levels of vitamin D through sun exposure and, in cases of deficiency, supplement with supplements to prevent and manage arterial hypertension, considering variables such as age and gender. Although studies offer diverse results on the relationship between vitamin supplementation and blood pressure in hypertensive individuals, exploring additional factors is emphasized. In conclusion, maintaining adequate vitamin D levels is a fundamental aspect of preventing arterial hypertension, according to various research studies, emphasizing the need for more exhaustive studies that analyze various factors.