Efectividad de la teriparatida vesus denosumab en el tratamiento de la osteoporosis en mujeres posmenopáusicas. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by Reduced Bone Mineral Density (BMD), leading to a higher risk of fractures. DEXA (Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) is used to diagnose the patient. While exercise significantly improves muscle function, pharmacological intake is essential, including hormone replacement therapy, bisphosphonates, and anabolic agents like teriparatide for patients over 60. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of teriparatide in treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach was conducted through a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines across various databases, selecting studies on the effectiveness of teriparatide in postmenopausal women. Boolean operators, such as (Efficacy OR Effectiveness) AND (Teriparatide OR Teriparatide) AND Osteoporosis AND (Postmenopausal OR Postmenopause) were used based on keywords like effectiveness, teriparatide, osteoporosis, postmenopause, and denosumab. Results: Teriparatide effectively improves the lumbar spine and hip BMD, reducing the risk of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures. Conclusions: Teriparatide is effective and safe in treating osteoporosis in postmenopausal women, improving bone density, and reducing vertebral fractures. Its use is limited to two years, but extending its administration is suggested. Combining it with other treatments, such as denosumab, offers additional benefits. Despite its high cost, it has a favorable cost-effectiveness profile, making it a viable option for women at high risk of fractures. Keywords: effectiveness, teriparatide, osteoporosis, postmenopause, denosumab