Espondilitis Anquilosante: Reporte de caso

Abstract

Introduction: A case is reported at the “José Carrasco Arteaga” Hospital, which is particularly significant due to its early onset at 14 years of age, being unusual since the disease generally presents at around 30 years of age, with a peak at 25 years old. This report contributes to the scientific literature by providing detailed documentation of the evolution of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) in a young patient, highlighting the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in this age group. Clinical Manifestations: The patient presented with primary symptoms of chronic low back pain, morning stiffness, and fatigue, along with a family history of rheumatic diseases. These findings, together with clinical and imaging examinations, allowed the identification of typical features of AS, including bilateral sacroiliitis and signs of inflammation in the joints. Diagnosis: It was established through a combination of symptom and image findings, confirming the presence of Ankylosing Spondylitis. Therapeutic interventions included using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and intensive physical therapy, resulting in significant improvement for the patient. Conclusion: The main lesson learned from this case is the importance of considering AS as a differential diagnosis in young patients with chronic low back pain and relevant family history, even when the age of onset is unusually early. This case highlights the need for an early and comprehensive evaluation to implement timely therapeutic interventions and improve long-term outcomes in young patients with AS.