Complicaciones intra y post operatorias de las histerectomías: laparoscópica, abdominal y vaginal en mujeres adultas

Abstract

Objective: To describe intra- and post-operative complications of laparoscopic, abdominal, and vaginal hysterectomies in adult women. Methodology: A literature review was conducted based on the selection criteria of articles published from 2018 to date. Sources included databases such as Scopus, SciELO, JAMA, Redalyc, PubMed, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. Search terms such as "Hysterectomy," "Vaginal Hysterectomy," "Colpohysterectomy," and "Vaginal Hysterectomy" were used. From this search, 44 studies were selected and formed the basis of the research. Results: Hysterectomy is a common surgery in women; its indications depend on the type of procedure and the patient's clinical condition. This surgical process can lead to complications influenced by several factors, including the patient's BMI and the surgeon's experience. There are various hysterectomy techniques, each with its profile of complications. When selecting the technique, the patient's clinical situation and the surgeon's experience must be considered to minimize the associated risks. Conclusions: Hysterectomy is an essential intervention in gynecological health but is not risk-free. The selection of surgical technique and the surgeon's experience determine the post-operative outcome. Health professionals must be well-informed and trained to choose the appropriate procedure adapted to the needs and conditions of each patient to ensure a safe and effective recovery.