Características neuropsicológicas asociadas a las adicciones comportamentales.

Abstract

Introduction. Behavioral addictions include gambling, video game use, sex addiction, exercise, and compulsive shopping. In recent years, including the pandemic period, an increase in these addictions has been observed worldwide, which motivates us to investigate their prevalence and related factors. Objective. To analyze the neuropsychological characteristics associated with behavioral addictions, determining their prevalence in Ecuador and evaluating the executive functions involved. Methodology. A randomized subsample of 200 persons who completed a digital form with sociodemographic data and assessment scales (EFECO II-VR, SABAS, IGDS-SF9, BSMAS) was used. Results. Findings revealed a significant prevalence of these addictions in Ecuador, showing remarkable correlations between smartphone app-based addiction and cognitive monitoring and monitoring (r = .349), working memory (r = .342), and deliberate control of emotions (r = . 341); between developing an Internet gaming disorder and cognitive supervision and monitoring (r = .327); and, between social networking addiction and deliberate control of emotions (r = .346), working memory (r = .364), proceeding with initiative (r = .358), and planning (r = .361). Conclusion. A considerable prevalence of addiction to smartphone applications, internet games, and social networks in the Ecuadorian population is highlighted, together with the association between these addictions and various impairments in executive functions.