Métodos de entrenamiento para mejorar la resistencia aeróbica en futbolistas adolescentes: revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the training methods used to improve aerobic endurance in adolescent soccer players through a literature review of scientific studies published between 2020 and 2026. The research adopted a qualitative, documentary, and non-experimental design. The literature search was conducted using scientific databases, including Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, SciELO, and Google Scholar, applying inclusion criteria based on publication recency, methodological quality, and thematic relevance. Eleven studies examining different training methods were analyzed, including continuous training, high-intensity interval training (HIIT), small-sided games, functional training, ball-based fartlek training, and specific physical exercise programs. The findings indicated that all these methods significantly improved aerobic endurance, maximal oxygen uptake (VO₂max), and overall physical performance in adolescent soccer players. Furthermore, small-sided games and functional training demonstrated additional benefits in technical, tactical, and motivational aspects. It is concluded that individualized planning combined with different training methods constitutes the most effective strategy for optimizing aerobic endurance in youth soccer development.