Niveles de estrés en el deportista artístico de alto nivel: Una revisión bibliográfica.

Abstract

Athletes are characterized by having better competitive skills than others across different disciplines, which significantly influences their stress levels. This literature review aimed to identify stress levels in elite artistic athletes, given the limited review and understanding of the psychological functioning of athletes in these fields. Scientific articles were selected based on the keywords: artistic athletes, training, stress levels, coping, sports performance and development, and physical-emotional preparation, using the Boolean operators AND, OR, and NOT. The databases used were Google Scholar, Scopus, SCImago, SciELO, Redalyc, and PubMed. The findings indicate that athletes experience competitions as a highly stressful situation. However, the more experience they have in their discipline and in participating in competitions, the more they develop adequate regulation strategies. On the other hand, high-performance athletes have a repertoire of adaptive coping strategies. Therefore, it was confirmed that participation in sports enhances the development of satisfactory personal capacities. The prevailing strategies are task-oriented, with cognitive strategies being the most frequent. This study concludes that stress levels in the pre-competition stage generate anxiety, which significantly impacts athletic performance. Accordingly, it is essential to consider stress management and the development of adequate coping strategies in the training and education of athletes.