Obesidad como factor de riesgo de mortalidad Covid-19

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a disease characterized by an accretion of body fat mass that, when it accumulates in organs such as the heart, kidney, and liver, generates a chronic inflammatory process that pathophysiologically affects the SARS-CoV?2 infection described for the first time at the end of 2019. By the exacerbation of this inflammation, a so-called cytokine storm is triggered. Objective: To determine obesity as a risk factor for increased mortality due to Covid-19 through a systematic review. Methodology: This research was conducted through a systematic review on high medical impact scientific databases; the articles were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria to finally be validated by the Newcastle Ottawa scale in accordance with the precepts of the PRISMA2020 statement. Results: A relationship was found between obesity and the potential increase in mortality due to Covid-19; PALAIODIMOS demonstrates that patients with obesity are at greater risk of developing severe forms of the disease that demands supplementary oxygen, invasive mechanical ventilation, and progression to intensive care units where the mortality rate is high OR 3.78 CI 95% (1.45 - 9.83). Conclusions: In conclusion, it was determined the influence of obesity in the increase of mortality due to covid-19, recognizing its participation as a significant risk factor that should be mainly studied at the local level to improve the stratification of patients who develop Covid-19.