Avances en la investigación de nuevos fármacos y terapias neuroprotectoras para el ICTUS

Abstract

A stroke is an acute cerebrovascular disease that interrupts blood flow to the brain, causing neuronal damage and brain dysfunction. Efforts have been made to prevent and treat stroke, but it remains a major medical challenge due to the lack of adequate and safe therapies. Objective: To determine the advances in the research of new drugs and neuroprotective therapies for stroke through a bibliographic review. Method: The literature review was carried out through the Scopus and PubMed databases and the Google academic search engine, using a qualitative and descriptive approach to examine the information published during the last five years. Results: Research into new drugs and neuroprotective therapies are being explored. Natural medicines and compounds such as quercetin, Protopanaxatriol, and lithium chloride have shown beneficial properties in preclinical studies, promoting cell survival and improving brain function. Additionally, alternative therapies, such as the use of amniotic fluid cells, are also being investigated. Conclusion: Several drugs, including edaravone, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and others, show potential to improve neurological and survival outcomes in patients with cerebrovascular events; their effectiveness varies and requires further investigation. Vinpocetine may reduce disability and improve cognitive function. The response to treatments varies depending on the type of cerebrovascular event. Medications and natural compounds like quercetin and Protopanaxatriol show antioxidant and neuroprotective properties.