Los juegos sensoriales para el desarrollo cognitivo en los niño de 4 a 5 años

Abstract

During observations made in early educational centers in the city of Cuenca, difficulties in attention, following instructions, and logical thinking were identified in children. Although didactical resources were available, traditional activities do not sufficiently motivate children or favor their comprehensive development. In this context, sensory games are presented as an effective pedagogical strategy to naturally and playfully stimulate the basic cognitive functions. This research aims to determine the contribution of sensory games in the cognitive development of children aged 4 to 5 years. The study used a qualitative approach with descriptive scope, based on a systematic review of academic sources on the subject under study, published within the last five years. Techniques such as the index card method and the organization of an information matrix were used to determine categories of analysis. The results show that sensory games strengthen cognitive areas, including attention, memory, perception, reasoning, and language, thereby promoting meaningful and multisensory learning. Additionally, the main cognitive issues at this stage were identified, underscoring the importance of early detection and intervention. Finally, a pedagogical proposal is designed based on structured sensorial games adapted to the children’s developmental level, which proved effective in enhancing their cognitive development. In summary, sensory games are a fundamental tool for improving learning and the active participation of children in their educational environment.