Manejo nutricional en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica

Abstract

Background: The worldwide prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increasing with the population aging and the prevalence of nephropathy morbidities. As renal function declines, the accumulation of metabolic waste products, protein loss, and water-electrolyte disturbances can significantly affect the CKD patients’ health. CKD is a global public health problem that needs comprehensive management to prevent and delay its progression. The role of nutritional therapy as a strategy to slow the progression of CKD has been recommended for over a century. General Objective: To determine the appropriate nutritional management in patients with chronic kidney disease. Methodology: Bibliographic review of narrative, descriptive, and longitudinal type; the articles were obtained from 4 scientific databases: PubMed Central, Elsevier, ScienceDirect, and SciELO. Results: Strong evidence supports the importance of diet meeting daily requirements in preventing and progressing kidney disease, and medical nutrition therapy with a dietitian is a critical aspect of medical intervention for CKD. Conclusions: Effective nutritional management is challenging, given the many dietary considerations for CKD patients. Individualized strategies are needed to ensure the best outcome for the renal patient.