Perfil epidemiológico del cáncer cervicouterino en América Latina

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer is a problem affecting the health area, which imposes a huge global burden, due to its high incidence and mortality rates affecting women of reproductive age, developing mainly in low and middle-income countries. Methodology: A systematic review study was conducted using the scientific databases: Web of Science, Taylor & Francis, Elsevier, PubMed, ProQuest, among others, to search for studies published between the years 2017- 2021. Results: The findings showed that for every 10 years the incidence of cervical cancer varies in Latin American countries with a rate of 23 to 30 per 100.000 women, while mortality continues to increase from 5.05 to 21 per 100.000 females, wich is why in these countries the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine was taken as a preventive measure. This article also showed that factors, including infectious diseases of sexual origin and reproductive factors, are responsible for a high incidence of uterine cancer; therefore, nursing interventions such as patient education on the pathology will contribute to preventing the disease and avoiding the increase of new cases and deaths. Conclusion: The behavior of cancer incidence and mortality in Latin America evidenced a serious health problem, as the coverage is low, so it is intended with this systematic review to provide information for further controls and preventive measures of uterine cancer, to help Latin American countries to reduce the high incidence and mortality figures.