Evaluación del riesgo de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en el personal docente de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca campus Azogues - Ecuador, septiembre 2024 – enero 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin production, leading to elevated blood glucose levels. In recent years, its prevalence has increased significantly worldwide due to genetic factors and unhealthy lifestyles. Objective: To assess the risk of developing type 2 diabetes among faculty members at the Catholic University of Cuenca, Azogues campus, during the period from September 2024 to January 2025, through the application of the FINDRISC test. Methodology: This study used a cross-sectional observational design with a quantitative approach. Results: The study population consisted of 254 teachers, of whom 54.3% were men and 45.7% were women, with a mean age of 40.39 years, obtaining a p-value = 0.000 with significant association between the prevalence and the evaluated risk factors (P = 0.000), including age (OR: 0.082; 95% CI: 0.025–0.271), BMI (OR: 0.027; 95% CI: 0.008–0.088), daily physical activity (OR: 0.059; 95% CI: 0.020–0.176), history of elevated glucose levels (OR: 796.626; 95% CI: 49.307–12,870.603), and a family history of T1D or T2D (OR: 0.024; 95% CI: 0.007–0.083). In addition, sex showed a significant association (p = 0.034), with a higher risk observed in men. Conclusion: The findings indicate that male teachers are at higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes due to being overweight, having a large waist circumference, sedentary lifestyle, and having poor eating habits, while women showed a lower prevalence, although they still need to maintain preventive measures. Keywords: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, FINDRISC, prediction, risk