Factores asociados al abandono del esquema de vacunación en menores de 4 años de la parroquia de Sinincay durante el periodo enero–junio 2024

Abstract

Introduction: Despite all efforts to ensure the distribution and application of vaccines, there are people and groups who have concerns about the safety and need for the application of vaccines. Objective: To determine the factors associated with the abandonment of the vaccination schedule in children under 4 years of age in the parish of Sinincay. Methodology: A descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted. To determine the sample size, the probabilistic sampling technique was used, obtaining a total of 260 representatives or caregivers of children under 4 years of age as a sample. To collect the information, a previously designed survey was used, which addresses the health determining factors that influence the abandonment of the vaccination program. The data were processed in the SPSS statistical program, where descriptive statistics were performed and the chi-square statistical test was applied. Results: It was identified that 56.54% of the representatives reported complying with the vaccination schedules on time and 43.46% reported not complying on time. Regarding the determining factors for non-compliance with the vaccination schedule, 15.4% of the representatives reported lack of knowledge about the vaccine, 13.1% reported a shortage of the vaccine, and 40.4% reported a lack of guidance. Conclusion: The highest percentage of mothers reported that they did not comply with their children's vaccination schedule due to a lack of guidance. Likewise, the majority reported that they did not comply because they considered the vaccine to be harmful to the child or because of lack of knowledge about the vaccine.