Lesión de nervio interoseo posterior (nip) y tratamiento quirúrgico con reconstrucción e injerto de nervio sural reporte de caso

Abstract

Introduction: The posterior interosseous nerve, located in the forearm, innervates specific muscles, including the supinator and the extensors of the forearm and fingers. Compression or injury to this nerve can result in posterior interosseous nerve syndrome, causing loss of motor function. Compression can be caused by factors such as lipomas or some type of trauma, among the most relevant. Theoretical framework: The brachial plexus comprises a set of spinal nerves ranging from C5 to T1, consisting of dorsal and ventral roots that join together as they exit the spinal cord. This is important from a diagnosis and treatment perspective. Diagnosis involves clinical evaluation and imaging studies to assess bone damage, ultrasound to detect nerve changes, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to examine abnormalities in its signal, size, and course. Initial treatment for posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) injuries involves conservative measures such as immobilization with a dynamic orthosis, physical therapies such as ultrasound, and electrostimulation. After three weeks, follow-up is performed with electromyography and motor conduction tests. If there is no improvement in clinical symptoms or tests, surgery is considered to examine and release potential nerve compression points along its path. Objectives: Case report of posterior interosseous nerve (PIN) injury and surgical treatment with reconstruction and sural nerve graft. Methodology: A descriptive and observational study of a clinical case of posterior interosseous nerve injury will be conducted.