“Secuelas COVID-19. Revisión sistemática”

Abstract

Introduction: The coronavirus (Covid-19) is an infectious disease caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, severe acute respiratory syndrome, which is transmitted by respiratory particles when coughing, sneezing or being in contact with body fluids. General objective: To describe the predominant characteristics of the sequelae of Covid-19 through scientific evidence. Methodology: A Descriptive Investigation was carried out with the review of the scientific evidence available in the database: Scopus and Web of Science, Redalyc, Scielo and PubMed on Covid-19 Sequelae, in the period of time between 2019 and 2023, it was followed the parameters and recommendations of the PRISMA Method. Results: The effects can manifest in an acute phase from five days to two months, post-acute from one month to three months and finally the post-Covid syndrome, which occurs between three months and one year after infection. Among the most common sequelae are: dyspnea, pulmonary fibrosis, tachycardia, anosmia, thrombosis, arrhythmias, hypertension, anorexia, esophageal reflux, diarrhea, thyroid dysfunction, arthralgia, alopecia, premature births, orchitis, anxiety and stress. Conclusions: Covid-19 produces sequelae at the level of different systems such as respiratory, cardiovascular, digestive, endocrine, skin, reproductive, musculoskeletal and psychiatric or psychological disorders, in different phases, acute, post-acute and post-Covid syndrome, that must be analyzed to find strategies and reduce the effects to preserve health.