Eficacia de tratamiento con estimulación magnética transcraneal frente al tratamiento farmacológico en pacientes con depresión.

Abstract

Introduction. Depression is an invisible enemy that affects millions of people worldwide. It is characterized by persistent sadness, a loss of interest in once enjoyable activities, and changes in appetite and sleep, resulting in a deterioration in the individual’s quality of life. To confront this psychopathology, two main approaches are used: antidepressant medications and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). This bibliographic research aims to identify which of these two interventions is more effective in treating this mental illness. Objective. To systematically describe the main research findings related to comparative clinical trials between TMS and psychopharmacology in patients with refractory depression. Methodology. With a descriptive scope, this bibliographic research involves selecting and reviewing various articles, books, and documents related to non-invasive neuromodulation (TMS), psychopharmacology, and its therapeutic applicability in depression through randomized clinical trials published over the last decade. Conclusion. The conclusion that can be drawn is that TMS is a more effective alternative to pharmacological treatment in patients with depression, as the analysis of several studies has shown a greater favorable response in the cerebral cortex, thereby improving the mood of participants and reducing depressive symptoms.