Comparación entre Terapia Dialéctica Conductual y Terapia Cognitivo Conductual en la mejora de síntomas psicológicos en adultos jóvenes con Trastorno Límite de la Personalidad.

Abstract

Introduction: Personality is a set of stable psychological traits. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) involves emotional instability, impulsivity, and conflictive relationships, requiring treatment to improve individual functioning. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) in improving psychological symptoms in young adults diagnosed with BPD. Methodology: A systematic review using the PRISMA method was conducted, with a qualitative and descriptive approach, based on searches in the databases PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and SciELO available through the library of the Catholic University of Cuenca. Results: Nine studies that met the inclusion criteria were included. The findings show that CBT and DBT are effective in reducing symptomatology of borderline personality disorder. DBT and CBT demonstrated consistent results in reducing self- harming behaviors, suicidal ideation, emotional dysregulation, and cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions, respectively. Conclusion: The relevant findings show that both second-generation CBT and third-generation DBT are effective in treating patients diagnosed with BPD. While one focuses on skills training and mechanisms of change, the other targets the restructuring the dysfunctional cognitive core and behavioral strategies. Consequently, the two models complement each other holistically to improve the quality of life and the effectiveness of intervention.