Autocuidado de pie diabético en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2

Abstract

Background: The present investigation aims to identify diabetic foot self-care practices in patients with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and their relationship with age, sex, and years of disease evolution. Methods: PRISMA 2020 methodology was used; studies were conducted in patients diagnosed with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, aged between 18 and ~70 years. Data collection instruments were validated and standardized and reflected self-care practices for feet. The studies were published in the last five years in Spanish or English language. Information was obtained from PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Redalyc. Results: The average age was 50.03 years; 53.9% were women, 46.1 % were men, and 63.71% of the patients had diabetes> 5 years. On average, 63% checked their feet, 82.57% washed their feet daily and 60.76% dried between toes, 40.77% did not use moisturizing skin creams, and 60.64% cut their nails correctly. Dlscussion: The level of self-care of the feet is intermediate despite having the disease for more than five years. Most patients do not check their feet daily; using inadequate footwear, wearing shoes without socks, or walking barefoot inside the house are standard practices in Asian and African patients. A limitation of the present review was the lack of articles from other regions of the world.