Consecuencias en la salud mental tras el impacto del COVID 19. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers experienced psychological changes for various reasons, leading to anxiety, depression, and stress. Objective: To determine the mental health consequences for healthcare staff after the COVID-19 pandemic. Methodology: A systematic review was conducted using the PRISMA model, ensuring the quality and transparency of the study types. Major biomedical databases, such as PubMed and ScienceDirect, were searched to gather relevant studies. The review focused on 15 epidemiological studies, building a solid foundation to address the research question and topic. The results and data from these studies were used to develop sound and reliable conclusions, placing this review at a high level of scientific evidence hierarchy. Results and Conclusions: After analyzing the 15 articles, it was concluded that the COVID-19 pandemic had an adverse impact on the mental health of healthcare staff. Those directly exposed to the virus for its containment and treatment experienced the most significant effects. Numerous psychological disorders, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, were identified. The most affected were doctors and nurses, particularly in Asian countries where the outbreak began and spread. In conclusion, frontline healthcare workers in hospitals and medical care facilities are severely impacted during pandemics, exhibiting high levels of depression, stress, and anxiety, along with other aggravating factors. Keywords: mental health, COVID-19, pandemic, healthcare professional, anxiety