Actualización en el diagnóstico y manejo del virus del papiloma humano como prevención para el cáncer cervicouterino

Abstract

Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) and its associated infections present a significant public health concern due to the high costs associated with cervical cancer management. Despite implementing prevention protocols, barriers such as lack of knowledge, religious beliefs, and sexist arguments hinder their effectiveness. In countries where HPV protocols have been implemented, cervical cancer cases have been reduced.

Methodology: This study presents a narrative literature review that comprehensively examines human papillomavirus’s current diagnosis and management for cervical cancer prevention. The review includes data from scientific databases such as PubMed, SciELO, Cochrane Library, and ScienceDirect, following the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) strategy.

Results: Fifty studies were reviewed, summarizing the main recommendations for the updated diagnosis and management of human papillomavirus in cervical cancer prevention.

Conclusions: Various HPV screening methods are currently available, demonstrating suitable sensitivity and specificity. HPV prevention protocols should remain neutral to ensure successful implementation without imposing social barriers. Priority should be given to high-risk HPV screening methods, including serotypes 16 and 18.